The Ten Commandments (1956)

Cecil B. DeMille’s The Ten Commandments (1956) is one of the grandest and most iconic biblical epics ever made. Starring Charlton Heston as Moses and Yul Brynner as Pharaoh Rameses II, the film is a visually stunning, ambitious retelling of the biblical story of Moses, blending history, religion, and cinematic spectacle. DeMille, known for his flair for larger-than-life productions, delivers a film that has stood the test of time, remaining a staple of religious and historical cinema.

Plot Summary

The film follows the life of Moses, from his infancy as an adopted Egyptian prince to his destiny as the deliverer of the Hebrew people from slavery. Raised as a royal alongside Rameses (Yul Brynner), Moses (Charlton Heston) grows up believing himself to be Egyptian, only to discover his true heritage as a Hebrew. After being cast out into the desert, he encounters God in the form of the burning bush and receives the divine mission to free the Israelites.

Upon returning to Egypt, Moses confronts Rameses and demands, “Let my people go.” When Pharaoh refuses, Egypt is struck by a series of divine plagues, culminating in the death of the firstborn. Moses then leads the Israelites out of Egypt in the dramatic crossing of the Red Sea, one of the most famous sequences in film history. After receiving the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai, Moses returns to find his people worshiping a golden calf, leading to a climactic moment of divine judgment and reaffirmation of faith.

Performances and Chemistry

Charlton Heston delivers a commanding performance as Moses, embodying the character’s transformation from privileged prince to resolute prophet with conviction. His deep voice, physical presence, and gravitas make him an unforgettable on-screen Moses. Yul Brynner, as Rameses II, is equally compelling, exuding arrogance, power, and a sense of wounded pride as he refuses to submit to Moses’ demands. The scenes between Heston and Brynner crackle with intensity, making their rivalry one of the film’s central dramatic conflicts.

Anne Baxter as Nefretiri, the Egyptian queen caught between her love for Moses and her duty to Rameses, adds a layer of personal drama to the story. Edward G. Robinson as Dathan, the conniving overseer who betrays his own people, provides a villainous counterpoint to Moses’ righteousness.

Direction and Cinematic Achievements

Cecil B. DeMille’s direction is nothing short of epic. His ability to balance grand spectacle with intimate character moments is a testament to his storytelling prowess. At nearly four hours long, the film maintains a steady pace, with DeMille’s signature narration lending it a sense of gravitas and historical weight.

The film’s cinematography, led by Loyal Griggs, is breathtaking, utilizing VistaVision to create a widescreen spectacle of ancient Egypt’s grandeur. The set designs, costumes, and special effects, particularly the parting of the Red Sea, remain groundbreaking even by modern standards. The scene in which the waters split apart is one of the most iconic moments in cinema history, achieved through a combination of large-scale practical effects, miniatures, and early visual effects techniques.

Themes and Religious Significance

Beyond its spectacle, The Ten Commandments explores themes of faith, freedom, and divine destiny. It emphasizes Moses’ personal journey from an uncertain outsider to a leader chosen by God, reinforcing the film’s spiritual message. The contrast between Moses’ obedience to God’s will and Rameses’ defiance highlights the central biblical theme of divine justice versus human arrogance.

The film also resonates as a universal story of liberation, drawing parallels between the Hebrew Exodus and struggles for freedom throughout history. Its themes of perseverance, faith, and redemption continue to inspire audiences worldwide.

Legacy and Influence

Upon its release, The Ten Commandments was a massive box-office success, becoming the highest-grossing film of 1956 and one of the most successful films of all time when adjusted for inflation. It received seven Academy Award nominations, winning for Best Visual Effects.

Its influence on biblical and historical epics is undeniable, paving the way for films like Ben-Hur (1959) and Gladiator (2000). The film’s annual television broadcasts, particularly around Easter and Passover, have cemented its place in popular culture, introducing new generations to its timeless story.

Final Verdict

The Ten Commandments is more than just a movie—it is a cinematic event. With its sweeping scope, stellar performances, and groundbreaking effects, it remains a pinnacle of epic filmmaking. While some of its dialogue and performances may feel grandiose by today’s standards, its visual majesty and enduring themes ensure its place as one of the greatest films ever made.